If, at any time during the execution of the Contract, either of the Parties to the contract is prevented from

executing the Contract in case of Force Majeure such as war, serious fires, flood, typhoon and earthquake, etc.,

the time for execution of the Contract shall be extended for a period equal to the affect of those causes.
在合同期间的任何时候，合同任一方，由于受到战争、严重火灾、洪水、台风和地震等不可抗力事件的影响而不能履行合同时，

合同履行期应予延长，延长期限相当于事件影响的时间。

If, at the time and in the place agreed under Sub-Clause 37.3, the materials or plant are not ready for

inspecting or testing or if, as a result of the inspection or testing referred to in this Clause, the Engineer

determines that the materials or plant are defective or otherwise not in accordance with the Contract, the

Engineer may reject the materials or the plant and shall notify the Contract thereof immediately.

如果在按第37.3条约定的时间和地点，供检查和检验的材料或工程设备未准备好，或者按本条规定所作的检查或检验结果，工程

师认为材料或工程设备有缺陷或是不符合合同规定的，则工程师可拒收这些材料或工程设备，并应立即通知承包人。（本句较为

复杂，有两个条件从句，一个宾语从句）

C．主从复合句，从句经常用简略形式。例如：

A party dissatisfied with the judgment may, within 15 day upon receipt of the judgment, file an appeal to the

next upper People’s Court.
如不服本判决，该方可于接到判决之日起十五日内向上一级法院提起上诉。

The Contractor shall, unless otherwise provided in the Contract, make his own arrangement for the engagement of

all staff and labour, local or other, and for their payment, housing, feeding and transport.
除合同另有规定外，承包人应自行安排从当地或其他地方雇用的所有职员和劳务人员，以及他们的报酬、住房、膳食和交通。

2．否定前置与倒装(Negative Fronting and Anastrophe)

英语中处理否定的方式一般有两种：一是否定词放在情态动词或助动词后，行为动词前，构成正常的陈述语序；二是否定词放在

句首，然后情态动词或助动词与主语位置调换，构成倒装语序。英文合同中含否定意义的句子往往采用后者。例如：

否定仅前置：(Fronting)

Nothing in Article 12.3 shall prevent Party A or any of its affiliation from continuing to carry on any of their

present businesses.
合同第十二条第三款规定不得妨碍甲方或其分支机构持续经营现有业务。

Neither party, without prior consent of the other, may assign or transfer to nay third party any equity interests

held by its side.
未经对方同意，任一方不得向任何第三人转让其持有的股权。

否定倒装：(Anastrophe)    

In no event shall the Seller be liable for lost profits, delay, injury to goodwill or any special or

consequential damages howsoever any of the same are caused.
对于利润损失、延误、商誉损害或任何特别或间接的损害赔偿，不论任何原因引起的，卖方概不承担责任。

In this case, Party B shall refund to Party A the amount which Party A has paid to Party B plus the related

interest at the rate of 10% per year immediately, but in no case shall such refunding by Party B exceeds 30 days

from receipt from Party A of the notice to terminate the contract.
在此种情况下，乙方应立即返还甲方已支付给乙方的款项并按年利率10%加算利息，但不论怎样乙方该返还不得超过收到甲方终止

合同通知后30日。

3．被动语态(Passive Voice)

和基础英语一样，英文合同中如果不必知道行为主体、不知道行为主体、想强调行为结果时，就会使用被动语态。被动结构往往

作为后置定语、状语或者句子的谓语。例如：

Failure to notify Party A shall be deemed to be a material breach of this Agreement.
未能按上述要求通知甲方的，则视为构成实质违约。（作谓语）

Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to buy the undermentioned goods subject to terms and conditions set

forth hereinafter as follows:，
按如下列明的条款，卖方同意出售，买方同意购买下述商品：（作后置定语）

Therefore, Executive agrees that the Company shall be entitled to an injunction restraining Executive from any

actual or threatened breach of paragraphs 7, 8 or 9 or to any other appropriate equitable remedy without any bond

or other security being required.
因此，董事同意本公司无需提供任何保证或其他担保，有权发出申请禁令限制董事任何实际或危及违反7、8或9节的行为或获得任

何其他适当衡平救济。（作状语）

The payment of all the expenses under this contract shall be made by M/T through Bank of China, Shenzhen Branch

and the bank designated by Party B.
所有合同项下的费用均应通过中国银行深圳分行和乙方指定银行进行支付。（作谓语和后置定语）

Upon termination or dissolution of the Partnership，the partnership will be promptly liquidated, with all debts

being paid first, prior to any distribution of the remaining funds.
合伙企业一经终止或解散，合伙企业立即清算，在分割剩余财产前，首先偿还所有债务。（作谓语和状语）

1．  Such…as的用法

英文合同力求严密、准确，为避免误解和歧义，常用such……as作关系代词，引导从句，把所修饰的词或短语放在such和as之间

来明确含义。例如：

The Engineer shall have authority to issue to the Contractor, from time to time, such supplementary Drawings and

instructions as shall be necessary for the purpose of the proper and adequate execution and completion of the

Works and the remedying of any defects therein.工程师有权随时向承包人发出合理和恰当施工、竣工及修补工程缺陷所必须

的补充图纸和指令。

B shall provide such information and data as useful and necessary for the negotiation and appoint a person to

cooperate with the representatives from C or New Company and the People's Insurance Company of China in charge of

the negotiation.
乙方应向丙方或新公司和主管该谈判的中国人民保险公司提供谈判所需的有用资讯材料并指定人员与上述各方进行配合。

The Employee shall also comply with such future Employer policies, rules, regulations, performance standards and

manuals as may be published or amended from time to time. 受聘员工也应遵守可随时公布或修改的聘用方今后的政策、守

则、规定、行为规范和员工手册。

The Contractor shall provide the following personnel on the Site for the purpose of the execution and completion

of the Works and remedying of any defects:
Only such technical assistants as are skilled and experienced in their respective callings (fields) and such

formen and leading hands as are competent to give proper superintendence of the Works.

承包人应为施工、竣工或修补工程缺陷向现场（工地）提供：在本行业中技术熟练，经验丰富的技术助理，和能对工程给予正确

监督的监工和领班。

All material, Plant and Workmanship shall, from time to time, be subject to such tests and inspections as the

Engineer may require at the place of manufacture, fabrication or preparation, or on the Site, or at such other

place or places as may be specified in the Contract, or at all or any of such places.
一切材料、工程设备和工艺应随时按工程师可能提出的要求，在制造、装配或准备地点，或在现场，或在合同规定的其他地点或

若干地点，或在所有此类地点或其中任何地点进行检验。
 
第四节 时态特点(Tense)

由于合同具有预见性，其约定是希望未来发生、可能发生、应避免发生的事宜，所以英文合同中的时态多为一般将来时或一般现

在时（从句中多见）。而且往往以“应当做（shall do）”、“可以做（may do）”、“必须做（must do）”、“不得做（may

not/shall not）”等表达形式出现来说明当事人的权利、义务。参看第二章第二节，在此不再赘述。也有基础英语常见的will、

will not、to do及do（用于强调语气）的表达形式。绝少看到其他时态和表达方式。例如：

In case Party B becomes delinquent in the payment of any sum due hereunder, Party A will be entitled to suspend

the performance until such delinquent is corrected, and initiate termination for cause in accordance with Section

10.2.
乙方违约未按本协议规定按期支付的，甲方有权中止履行协议，直至该违约得以纠正，甲方还有权于协议第十条第二款规定的事

由出现时终止本协议的执行。
（In case从句和until从句中一般现在时，主句用will do表一般将来时）

Licensee agrees that it will not during the term of this agreement, or thereafter, attack the title or any rights

of Licensor in and to the Name or attack the validity of this license.
受许可方同意在本协议期间及其后不以或对许可方名义侵害许可方的所有权或任何权利或侵害该许可的效力。
（主句一般现在时，从句用will not表一般将来时的否定）

The abovementioned loss to be calculated from the 16th day after expiry of the free storage time at the port

should be borne by the Buyer with the exception of Force Majeure.
上述损失从到港卸货仓储期届满后第16天起算，由买方承担，不可抗力除外。
（to be calculated将来可能需要计算的）

In consideration of employment with the Company, I do hereby acknowledge the facts set out below and agree to be

bound as follows:
考虑到受聘于公司，本人由此认可以下列明事实并同意受其约束：
（do强调郑重的语气可不翻译出）

当然，在特定的情况下，偶尔也会看到完成时态、进行时态的表达。例如：

From time to time after Licensee has commenced selling the articles and upon Licensor's written request, Licensee

shall furnish without cost to Licensor not more than additional