Within the time as notified by the Buyer, after its arrival at the port of shipment the Seller shall be fully

liable to the Buyer and responsible for all losses and expenses such as dead freight, demurrage.
在买方通知的时限内，抵达装运港后，卖方应对买方承担全部责任并对诸如空仓费、延滞费等所有损失和费用负责。

The Seller shall not be held liable for failure or delay in delivery of the entire lot or a portion of the goods

under this Sales Contract in consequence of any Force Majeure incidents.
卖方对因任何不可抗力事件导致本买卖合同项下整批或部分货物未能交付或延误概不承担责任。

8. effect

在基础英语中，effect一般作名词，指效果、影响，英文合同中如：come into effect表示生效，sth. in effect表示生效的法

律文件。除了这些基本用法外，effect还常用作动词表示“实现”、“完成”的意思。
例如：This contract shall come into effect on the date when it is signed by both parties.
本合同从双方签字之日起生效。

The Buyer shall accept the bill of exchange immediately upon the first presentation of the bill of exchange and

the required documents and shall effect the payment on the maturity date of the bill of exchange.
汇票一经承兑交单，买方应在汇票到期时完成支付。

此外，当表达实际上，事实上的含义时，英文合同常用in effect, 而不是in fact.

9．Counterpart, copy, duplicate, original
在英文合同中，Counterpart, copy, duplicate, original 都用作表示合同一式几份。Counterpart, copy和duplicate指副本，

而original指的是正本，而且duplicate就有双重双份的意思，也常见in duplicate的用法，与此类似的还有in triplicate（一

式三份）, in quadruplicate（一式四份），in quintuplicate（一式五份），in sextuplicate （一式六份），in

septuplicate（一式七份），in octuplicate （一式八份），in nonuplicate （一式九份），in decuplicate （一式十份）等

等。

例如：This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts. Each counterpart shall be deemed

an original, and all of the counterparts together shall constitute but one and the same instrument.

本协议文本可同时签署两份或多份副本。每一副本应视为一份原件，所有副本一起应构成唯一同一文件。

10．Incur
英文合同中incur指“招致，引起”，相当于基础英语中的cause。通常以过去分词incurred形式出现。

例如：In case her age exceeds 15 years, the extra average insurance premium thus incurred shall be borne by the

Seller.
如果她的年龄超过15岁，则由买方承担因此产生的平均保险费以外的费用。

例如：No costs incurred in the manufacture, sale, distribution or exploitation of the articles shall be deducted

from any royalty payable by Licensee.
产品的生产、销售、分销或开发引起的花费不得从被许可方的使用费中扣除。

11．To-wit
作为法律专用语，to-wit的意思为“即”，相当于基础英语中的“that is to say（i.e.）”。

例如：WITNESSETH: That for and in consideration of the sum of One Million Eleven Thousand One Hundred Fifty

Dollars ($1,011,150.00) cash in hand paid by the party of the second part to the party of the first part and

other good andvaluable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of all of which are hereby acknowledged, the

said party of the first part does hereby bargain, sell, grant and convey, in fee simple, with general warranty of

title, unto the party of the second part, the following, to-wit:
兹证明（通常省略不译）：兹以乙方支付甲方的一百零一万一千一百五十美元现金和其他为约因，特此确认充分并予接受，上述

甲方由此交易、出售、转让***，对所有权向乙方作一般保证如下，即：

12．Sanction, approval, examination
英文合同表示审批、批准时，常常使用这几个词，sanction尤其专用于合同。

第三节    英语合同的常用句型(Sentence Patterns)

一、in the event that(短语为in the event of), in case(短语为in case of), providing(that), provided(that), on the

conditions that, if(if and whenever), where, in so far as(insofar as), should, suppose/supposing（that）
在英文合同中，以上这些词常用来引导条件从句表示“如果、假如”等情形，至于基础英语中常用的“as long as”在英文合同

非常鲜见。

如：In the event that the Contract Price or any other terms of the Contract changes after the issuance of the

Letter of Credit (or Letter of Guarantee) the Owner shall arrange for such Letter to be amended accordingly as

soon as possible after any such changes.
如果在信用证（或保函）开出后，合同总价或合同其他条款发生变化，业主应尽快安排对信用证（或保函）进行相应的修改。

如：In case part of or all know-how of the above-mentioned technical contents have been published by Party B or

Third Parties A obtains evidence of such publication, then Party A shall no longer be responsible for keeping

secret and confidential the part already published.
如上述专有技术的一部分或全部已由第三方公布，而甲方也掌握了已公布的证据，则甲方不再承担保密义务。

如：15% of the above contract price, e.g. US $ 21, 000. 00 shall be paid by Party A to Party B by M/T within 30

days after Party A has received from Party B the following technical documentations and documents and providing

that they are in conformity with the contract:
甲方从乙方处收到以下技术资料和文件后30天内应信汇乙方上述合同总价的百分之十五，也就是两万一千美元，但该技术资料和

文件应符合本合同要求。

如：Either party may at anytime replace the chairman, deputy chairman or director(s) it has appointed, provided

that it gives written notice to the Joint Venture Company and the other party.
任何一方可随时更换自己委派的董事长、副董事长或董事，但必须书面通知合资公司和合资的另一方。

需要注意的是，provided that通常语气上有转折的含义，不宜翻译为“假如，如果”，译为“但是”，则译文过渡自然，符合汉

语表达的规范。

Should the seller make delivery on time as stipulated in the Contract with the exception of Force Majeure

specified in Clause18 to this contract, the Buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on condition that the

Seller agree to pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank from the payment under negotiation.
如果卖方并非因本合同第18条规定的不可抗力事件而未按合同规定的期限交货，那么，只要卖方同意支付罚金，并由付款行从议

付款中扣除，买方便同意卖方延期交货。句中出现两处条件从句，should引导的从句属于非真实条件句，即虚拟语气，表示该条

件发生的可能性很小，也就是说是当事人不希望出现的不利情况。而on condition that引导的条件从句，往往表示只要某情况出

现，就如何如何。

Notwithstanding the completion of the sale and purchase of the __ ordinary shares in the Company, the terms and

conditions of this agreement shall remain in full force and effect as between the parties hereto in so far as the

same are not fulfilled.
即使买卖公司*股普通股已经结束，只要该行为尚未履行完毕，本协议条款对双方仍然完全有效。

In all cases where Licensee desires artwork involving articles which are the subject of this license to be

executed, the cost of such artwork and the time for the production thereof shall be borne by Licensee.
如果被许可方需要的工艺品涉及本许可将履行的标的，则该工艺品的费用和生产该工艺品的时耗应由被许可方承担。

As an example, suppose that Stamps.com has a partnership agreement with a company called "Internet Marketing". In

this example, "Partner Name" would be "InternetMarketing".
 试举一例，如果Stamp.com公司与一家名叫Internet Marketing的公司有一合伙协议。本例中，该“合伙名称就是

“InternetMaketing”。

If and whenever the attorney at law designated by Party B comes to work with Party A, Party A shall offer all

sufficient and necessary facilities, arrange the said legal counsel with an office, appoint a company officer to

assist legal counsel with his function, provide relevant information and writ and print legal draft for such

legal counsel.
乙方律师到甲方工作时，甲方应充分给予安排，安排法律顾问办公场所，选派干部协助律师工作，提供有关情况，缮写打印稿件

等。
 
相关链接：in no case, in no event, in the case of，in any case等。
in no case和in no event表示“决不”即无论怎样都不行。

例如：Vessel over 20 years of age shall in no event be acceptable to the Buyer.船龄超过20年的买方概不接受。
 
In the case of 就什么来说，关于，in any case 无论如何
例如：In the case of dangerous and/or poisonous cargo (es), the Seller is obliged to take care to ensure that the

nature and the generally adopted symbol shall be marked conspicuously on each package.
关于危险或有毒货物，卖方有义务照管确保其属性安全且应在每一包装上标注通常采用的标识。